Hyperthyroidism is an over-production of thyroid hormone.
Under normal conditions, the thyroid makes just the right amounts of two hormones, T4 and T3, which regulate many aspects of our metabolism, eventually affecting how many calories we burn, how warm we feel, and how much we weigh.
T4 and T3 also have direct effects on most organs, including the heart, which beats faster and harder under the influence of thyroid hormones. Essentially all cells in the body will respond to increases in thyroid hormone with an increase in the rate at which they conduct their business.
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