According to The Stuttering Foundation, four factors are most likely to contribute to the development of stuttering:
- Genetics (approximately 60% of those who stutter have a family member who does also)
- Child development (children with other speech and language problems or developmental delays are more likely to stutter)
- Neurophysiology (recent research has shown that people who stutter process speech and language in different areas of the brain than those who do not stutter), and
- Family dynamics (high expectations and fast-paced lifestyles can contribute to stuttering)
Once a child stutters, other factors may contribute to its continuation or worsening.

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